2025 Edition

ASE A3 Practice Test

This ASE 3 Practice Test covers the manual drive train, which is a series of components that transfer power from the engine to the wheels. Manual drive trains are controlled directly by the driver through the use of a clutch and gearshift.

The exam covers the following subjects:

Manual Drive Train
Axles
Clutch
Gearshift
Related Components

Tests.com's ASE A3 Practice Test was written by Dr. John Kershaw, an ASE test prep expert: ASE test question developer; ASE Certified Master Technician; ASE Master Truck Technician; and Auto Industry Technical Instructor. Dr. Kershaw was among the first to receive ASE certification in 1972.

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Clutch Diagnosis and Repair

1.	Which of the following are the three critical clutch pedal measurements?
		a. Pedal height, apply pressure, and free play
		b. Pedal free play, reserve, and operating range
		c. Pedal height, free play, and reserve
		d. Pedal reserve, height, and kickback pressure
There is no apply pressure adjustment, operating range adjustment or kickback adjustment. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

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2.	Clutch slippage may be caused by which of the following?
		a. Worn or rough clutch release bearing
		b. Excessive input shaft end play
		c. Leaking rear main seal
		d. Weak or broken torsional springs
A leaking rear main seal will wet the friction surface of the clutch and cause slippage. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

3.	Which of the following must be replaced during the service of a hydraulically controlled clutch?
		a. Input shaft
		b. Pilot bearing
		c. Clutch linkage
		d. Clutch fluid
Clutch fluid is the only maintenance item listed. All other choices must be defective for replacement. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

4.	A vehicle comes in with hard shifting concerns, particularly into first gear. Technician A says the first speed blocking ring is the MOST likely cause. Technician B says the clutch could be out of adjustment. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician B is correct because the clutch being out of adjustment will cause shifting problems particularly in the lower range gears. Technician A is wrong because a defective blocking ring generally does not cause shifting problems into first gear. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

Transmission Diagnosis and Repair

5.	If a transmission can be shifted into two gears at the same time, which of the following is the MOST likely cause?
		a. Defective input bearing
		b. Faulty interlock
		c. Worn speed gears
		d. Worn countershaft bearings
Interlocks prevent engaging more than one gear at a time. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

6.	What would be the MOST likely customer complaint for a damaged transmission case, center adapter plate or rear extension housing mating surface?
		a. Jumps out of gear
		b. Hard to shift
		c. Will not shift
		d. Oil leak
Oil leaks will result from a damaged transmission case, center adapter plate or rear extension housing mating surface. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

7.	What disassembly operation is being performed in the photo below?
		a. Removing the snap ring retaining the input shaft bearing
		b. Removing the snap ring retaining the output shaft bearing
		c. Removing the snap ring retaining the cluster gear bearing
		d. Removing the snap ring retaining the reverse gear bearing
The operation shown in the photo is the removing of the snap ring that retains the input shaft bearing. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

8.	The manual transmission fluid is being checked during a routine maintenance. Technician A says gold-colored particles in the fluid can be from worn blocking rings. Technician B says aluminum colored shavings can be from the gear wear. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Both technicians are correct. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

Transaxle Diagnosis and Repair

9.	What is being checked in the illustration below?
		a. Differential side bearing preload
		b. Input and output shaft bearing preload
		c. Nominal play from input shaft
		d. Differential side bearing play
An inch pound torque wrench is being used to check differential side bearing preload. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

10.	This question has the word EXCEPT. For this question, look for the choice that could NOT cause the described situation. Read the entire question carefully before choosing your answer. All of these components can be removed from a transmission/transaxle before removing it from the vehicle, EXCEPT:
		a. Vehicle speed sensor
		b. Reverse (backup) light connector
		c. Front bearing retainer (quill)
		d. Axle drive shafts
The front bearing retainer component cannot be removed from a transmission/transaxle before removing it from the vehicle. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

11.	Two technicians are discussing snap rings used in manual transaxles. Technician A says snap rings are used as a selective fit on some main shafts. Technician B says snap rings have a "right side" that should always face up so that the snap ring pliers can be applied. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Both technicians are correct. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

12.	A transaxle jumps out of gear under load. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?
		a. Worn or broken synchronizers
		b. Clutch not adjusted correctly
		c. Shift linkage is maladjusted, worn or loose
		d. Transmission cover springs are weak
Shift linkage that is maladjusted, worn or loose will cause a transaxle to jump out of gear. A and B cause hard shifting and D will cause a noise in reverse. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

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Drive Shaft and Joints Diagnosis and Repair

13.	Technician A says u-joints must be in phase to prevent vibration. Technician B says when re-assembling a drive shaft the u-joints do not have to be in alignment for proper operation provided they are greased with the proper lubricant. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician A is correct because u-joints must be in phase to avoid vibration because they will not cancel each other out. Technician B is wrong because they must be in alignment or a vibration will result. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

14.	Technician A says a vibration at high speed can be caused by an incorrect rear "U" joint operating angle. Technician B says a squeaking noise in reverse is caused by a worn cross shaft bearing surface. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Both technicians are right. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

15.	Technician A says the drive shafts on a FWD (front wheel drive) vehicle are usually removed with a pry bar or special puller. Technician B says the axle nuts on a FWD vehicle are NOT reusable. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Both technicians are correct. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

16.	Two technicians are discussing axle drive shaft removal on a vehicle with a transaxle. Technician A says that, when removing the axle, drive shafts match marks should be made to prevent a vibration after reassembly. Technician B says the front wheel bearings could be damaged if the vehicle is moved while the drive shafts are removed. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician B is correct because when the axle drive shafts are removed from the front axles, the bearings are not supported. Technician A is wrong because match marks are not necessary because the axles are not timed. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

Rear Wheel Drive Axle Diagnosis and Repair

17.	A growling sound is heard from the rear of a rear-wheel-drive vehicle during cornering only. Technician A says incorrect drive pinion bearing preload could be the cause. Technician B says defective rear axle bearings may be the cause. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician B is correct because rear wheel bearing noise is heard while cornering. Technician A is wrong because a preload problem would be heard going straight not cornering. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

18.	What rear axle measurement is being performed in the photo?
		a. Side bearing preload
		b. Backlash
		c. Ring gear runout
		d. Gear tooth pattern
Checking the backlash is shown in the photo. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

19.	What rear axle measurement is being performed in the photo?
		a. Side bearing preload
		b. Backlash
		c. Ring gear runout
		d. Gear tooth pattern
Checking the tooth pattern is shown in the photo. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

20.	The ring gear to pinion backlash is less than specifications (too low). This will cause the ring gear tooth pattern to show contact in which of the following areas of the ring gear?
		a. Toe contact on concave and convex sides
		b. Heel contact on concave and convex sides
		c. Flank contact on concave and convex sides
		d. Face contact on concave and convex sides
When the pinion is set to the correct depth and there is too little clearance between the pinion and ring gear the ring gear tooth pattern will show toe contact on both concave and convex sides. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

Four-Wheel and All-Wheel Component Diagnosis and Repair

21.	The owner of an older 4WD (four-wheel-drive) truck that uses Cardan U-joints to drive the front wheels complains that whenever turning sharply and accelerating rapidly a severe vibration is created. Technician A says the rear drive shaft may be out-of-balance. Technician B says this is a normal condition for Cardan U-joints used on early 4WD vehicles. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician B is correct because this is normal if conventional Cardan U-joints are used to drive the front wheels. Technician A is wrong because a rear drive shaft imbalance will not cause an out of balance driveshaft, which would vibrate all of the time. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

22.	Two technicians are discussing the front axle neutral position on a FWD (four wheel drive) pickup truck. Technician A says the front axles are disconnected if the vehicle is being towed. Technician B says the neutral position is also used on an AWD (all-wheel-drive) vehicle. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Technician A is correct because the front axles are only disconnected if the vehicle is being towed. Technician B is wrong because all-wheel-drive vehicles do not use a neutral position, they are always in gear an use a differential that allows towing. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

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23.	A transfer case is extremely noisy in all selections except neutral (N) whenever the vehicle is moving. Technician A says the drive chain may be worn and loose causing the noise as it hits the inside of the case. Technician B says a transfer case bearing could be defective. Who is right?
		a. A only
		b. B only
		c. Both A and B
		d. Neither A nor B
Both technicians are correct. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

24.	A transfer case will not shift from the low gear ratio up to direct drive or 1:1 ratio. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?
		a. Broken shift shaft spring
		b. Faulty shift indicator
		c. Damaged planetary gearset
		d. Broken shift shaft
Of the answer options, a broken shift shaft is the MOST likely cause if a transfer case will not shift from the low gear ratio up to direct drive or a 1:1 ratio. Incorrect answer. Please choose another answer.

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Dr. John Kershaw
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ASE Master Technician

ASE Master Truck Technician

Auto Industry Technical Instructor

Among first ASE Certified in 1972

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